Zuzana Formelova
Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Slovak Republic
Title: Rye (Secale Cereale) in Animal Nutrition
Biography
Biography: Zuzana Formelova
Abstract
The majority of livestock are fed diets based on wheat, barley and corn. Rye is rarely used in the forage industry, although it is a quality cereal (due to the high nutritional value of its proteins). Rye contains higher levels of anti-nutritional factors and soluble non-starch polysaccharides compared to wheat. Adding a suitable enzyme to the diet (for poultry and pigs) almost always helps reduce the negative effects of pentosans in rye. The objective of the study was to determine the nutritional value of rye. Their nutrient characteristics, including dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, ash and gross energy, starch content and composition, and concentrations of non-starch polysaccharides, protein fractions and amino acids, were determined. Dry cows with large rumen and duodenal cannulas were used for determination of nutrient degradability (in sacco method) and for intestinal digestibility (mobile bag method). In the samples of rye, we determined: the average content of crude protein 122 g.kg-1 DM, crude fibre 24.8 g.kg-1 DM, average content of albumins + globulins 39%, prolamins 24%, glutelins 17.7%, lysine 0.33 g.kg-1 DM. We determined in rye 156 g.kg-1 DM total non-starch polysaccharides, total pentosans 85.5 g.kg-1 DM. Effective degradability of organic matter was 80.2% and crude protein was degraded in rumen to 79.8% on average. Intestinal digestibility of crude protein reached the value 66.6%. Rye represents a cereal with high energy and nutritive value and can be incorporated into feed mixtures. With feeding higher doses, the nutrition-physiological specifics of individual animal species and categories must be kept. Acknowledgment: „This work was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contract No. APVV-15-0477“.